Wednesday, 29 October 2014

[M755.Ebook] Download PDF Earth Angel Realms: Revised and Updated Information for Incarnated Angels, Elementals, Wizards, and Other Lightworkers, by Doreen Virtue

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Earth Angel Realms: Revised and Updated Information for Incarnated Angels, Elementals, Wizards, and Other Lightworkers, by Doreen Virtue



Earth Angel Realms: Revised and Updated Information for Incarnated Angels, Elementals, Wizards, and Other Lightworkers, by Doreen Virtue

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Earth Angel Realms: Revised and Updated Information for Incarnated Angels, Elementals, Wizards, and Other Lightworkers, by Doreen Virtue

Learn about the newest Earth Angel realms in this revised and updated edition of Doreen Virtue’s best-selling book Realms of the Earth Angels (formerly titled Earth Angels). In addition to exploring chapters about Incarnated Angels, Starpeople, Wise Ones, and such, you will identify the newly discovered realms – Cherubs, Atlanteans, Aladdin Genies, Galactic Angels, and more – all of which are described in detail, including their patterns with respect to personality, relationships, physical characteristics, and lifestyle.

With Earth Angel Realm, you’ll find out how to fully enjoy the unique qualities of your particular realm, as well as receive tailor-made guidance focusing on your specific life purpose!

  • Sales Rank: #60335 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2014-12-02
  • Released on: 2014-12-02
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Review
Doreen Virtue is the undisputed queen of the angel scene. The Bookseller A West Coast goddess... so sought-after. The Saturday Telegraph Magazine

About the Author
����� Doreen Virtue is a best-selling author and clairvoyant doctor of psychology who works with the angelic and elemental realms. She has appeared on Oprah, The View, Good Morning America, CNN, and other programs; and she presents workshops around the world.����� Website: www.AngelTherapy.com

Most helpful customer reviews

57 of 57 people found the following review helpful.
Best Doreen Realm book by far
By Amazon Customer
I loved it definetly better then the first two books.This book starts out with information from Earth Angels and Realms of the Earth Angels since that is the case I am going to get rid of both of them.Because this book is the only book you need to have.This book includes more information on Incarnated Angels,Incarnated Elementals,Star people,and Wise Ones.Updated information on the core realms and information on new realms such as Aladdin Genies,Mystic Angels,Merpeople and more.I wish this book had been out while taking the realm reader's course it would have helped me out alot.Glad I have the book now to help me remember information reguarding the realms.A really great reference book to have especially if you are a realm reader.Knowing about the different realms is important it helps you know more about your life purpose and how to relate more to others.

13 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
It's amazing how after reading this book
By Joyful Being
It's amazing how after reading this book, I am so much more aware of who people really are (even if they don't realize it) and I know how to approach them and communicate with them because of their personality traits. I love this book! It's a must read for everyone!

13 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
wonderful book
By Karla Rosendall
Will definitely be re-reading again and again. This book offers much needed insight for people struggling to find answers in a world that can seem so cruel!!

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Tuesday, 28 October 2014

[E921.Ebook] Ebook Radar Absorbing Materials: From Theory to Design and Characterization, by K.J. Vinoy, R.M. Jha

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Radar Absorbing Materials: From Theory to Design and Characterization, by K.J. Vinoy, R.M. Jha

Due to its extensive applications in stealth technology, much of the research effort in radar absorbing materials (RAM) has remained classified. As is the wont with classified topics, it has resulted in much awe and unfounded speculation. The aim of this book is to demystify this topic. The book in hand is concise but complete in itself. The attention of the readers is first drawn towards the historical evolution of RAM to emphasize that the elementary principles of electromagnetics lead to the fundamental concepts of RAM. These also form the basis for further mathematical analysis and design of RAM. The performance plots for the various RAM designs, to the extent possible, are taken with respect to power reflection; this should facilitate comparison of their relative performances. In order to further induce the reader to take the first step towards RAM design, we have included the relevant computer codes in a companion diskette. This would enable the reader to try out elementary designs on his own. * .EXE files should facilitate ready execution of codes on most DOS based computing platforms. The corresponding source codes with comments are also included as * .FOR files. The reader may wish to modify some of these codes for examining RAM design algorithms further. We welcome comments from the reader on these codes.

  • Sales Rank: #2058741 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Springer
  • Published on: 2012-07-31
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.25" h x .47" w x 6.10" l, .66 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 208 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

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Thursday, 23 October 2014

[E877.Ebook] Get Free Ebook Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, by Donald P. Kauchak, Paul D. Eggen, Candace Carter

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Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, by Donald P. Kauchak, Paul D. Eggen, Candace Carter

For introductory courses in teaching and education. How do you attract, prepare and retain future teachers? This highly applied text introduces beginning education students to teaching and presents an honest look at the real world of students, teachers, classrooms, and schools. Each chapter begins with a case study that helps the reader understand how chapter topics relate to the real world of teaching. In addition, each concept and discussion is framed within a case, so throughout the book students are applying concepts to real situations that teachers face everyday. Look for book icons to indicate where the text refers back to the opening case.

  • Sales Rank: #3567202 in Books
  • Published on: 2001-08-27
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 10.10" h x .80" w x 7.90" l, 1.98 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 512 pages

From the Back Cover

The first case-based introduction to education text, Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional guides readers through the profession, foundations, realities, challenges, and rewards of teaching. Each chapter begins with a case study that helps the reader understand how chapter topics relate to the real world of teaching. These cases and vignettes are integrated into every chapter to provide concrete frames of reference for educational concepts.

Features of the text:
  • Online Portfolio Activities connected to INTASC Standards encourage students to evaluate their own professional growth.
  • Reflect On This contains realistic cases that provide additional opportunities for professional growth through decision making.
  • Teaching in an Era of Reform frames a reform issue as it relates to chapter content and asks students to make a personal evaluation of its potential.
  • Exploring Diversity helps beginning teachers understand different aspects of diversity and how they can address these differences in their teaching.
  • The Changing Role of Teachers translates chapter topics into implications for teachers and teaching as education moves into the 21st century.
Multimedia resources integrated into the text:
  • Videos further extend the case studies as they present real-world classrooms, current issues, and research in the field.
  • The Companion Website, www.prenhall.com/kauchak, provides an interactive environment for students and encourages them to use technology in meaningful ways.

Excerpt. � Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
INTRODUCTION: A CASE-BASED APPROACH

This highly applied text introduces beginning education students to teaching and attempts to present an honest look at the real world of students, teachers, classrooms, and schools. The topics included in this book and the ways in which they are presented are all designed to answer the question, "What does this have to do with me and my future life as a teacher?"

To answer this question, the authors have developed cases and features that highlight the issues and challenges important in teachers' everyday lives. Each chapter begins with a case study that helps the reader understand how chapter topics relate to the real world of teaching. Then, these cases and vignettes are integrated throughout every chapter to provide concrete frames of reference for educational concepts. Each concept and discussion is framed within a case, so throughout the book students are applying concepts to real situations that teachers face every day.

TEXT THEMES

The book is organized around three themes—Professionalism, Reform, and The Changing Role of Teachers—that provide the threads that bind the topics of the chapters together.

Professionalism

Professionalism ties together topics such as career selection, teacher working conditions, career-long development, teacher evaluation, and relationships with supervisors, peers, students, parents, and the community. The movement towards professionalism provides a tangible goal that can guide beginning teachers as they develop, and it has both short- and long-term potential for improving teaching. Professionalism also provides a framework for examining a number of important issues that developing teachers face, such as more rigorous standards, accountability and testing, and merit pay. At the end of each chapter, Online Portfolio Activities, which are connected to INTASC Standards, encourage students to evaluate their own professional growth. Reflect on This sections that appear within each chapter contain realistic cases that provide additional opportunities for professional growth through decision making.

Reform

Reform has always been a factor in our educational system, but at no time in the past have so many people called for changes in education. Standards, accountability, and testing—for teachers and students—are being proposed as solutions to both educational and societal problems. Reform efforts have already changed schools and will continue to shape the profession for new teachers. The Teaching in an Era of Reform section in each chapter frames a reform issue as it relates to chapter content and asks students to make a personal evaluation of its potential.

The Changing Role of Teachers

Changes in society and in our schools mean changes for teachers. Selected chapters include the feature Exploring Diversity: Considering Multiple Perspectives, which helps beginning teachers understand different aspects of diversity and how they can address these differences in their teaching. In addition, The Changing Role of Teachers sections translate chapter topics into implications for teachers and teaching as education moves into the 21st century.

FEATURES OF THE TEXT

The book is interactive, encouraging prospective teachers to make conscious decisions about the kind of teacher they want to become. To create this interactive environment, the text uses Theme features, Field Experience features, Video features, and Pedagogical features to enhance the content and aid prospective teachers in their journey.

Theme features highlight the three themes around which the book is organized—Professionalism, Reform, and The Changing Role of Teachers—and present the content in an interactive way.

Exploring Diversity. This feature examines an issue related to the chapter's content and for which the increasing diversity in today's students has important implications.

Teaching in an Era of Reform. These special features provide an in-depth analysis of a reform topic related to the content of each chapter. At the end of this section, You Take a Position invites the reader to further investigate the reform by going to the Education Week Website, reading articles that discuss the reform, and taking a personal position (on the Companion Website) with respect to the issue presented in the chapter.

Reflect on This. This feature is an exercise that promotes personal connections by presenting realistic dilemmas in the form of cases that ask students to make professional decisions. Students can then compare their solutions to these educational dilemmas with feedback found on the book's Companion Website.

The Changing Role of Teachers. This chapter-closing section integrates chapter topics into implications for contemporary teachers. Prospective teachers are encouraged to consider the implications these changing roles have for their development as a professional.

Online Portfolio Activities. Students are encouraged to begin constructing professional portfolio entries tied to each chapter's content. These activities are linked to INTASC Standards and involve students in a range of activities including visiting the websites of professional organizations, beginning work on their philosophy of education, and connecting with local districts and state offices of education.

Field Experience features engage students in real or virtual classroom experiences to enhance their understanding of chapter content.

Going into Schools. At the end of each chapter students are invited to apply the information in the chapter to themselves and to school settings. Through focused observations and interviews, students connect to the schools and classrooms in which they'll teach.

Virtual Field Experience. This extension of the Going into Schools feature allows students who do not have a formal field-experience component as part of their course to explore issues and topics through the Internet. This feature can be found in the Field Experience Module of each chapter on the Companion Website.

Video features use videos of real-world situations and issues to connect with concepts presented in the text.

Looking Through Classroom Windows. Students are provided with realistic glimpses of teachers working in real classrooms. This boxed feature contains a summary of the real-world, unscripted, and unrehearsed video episodes that accompany the text. Students view the video episodes and then respond to questions asking them to apply what they've seen to the content of the chapter. A written transcript of each video episode and feedback for the students are available on the Companion Website. Looking Through Classroom Windows features are found in Chapters 1, 6, 10, 11, and 12.

Video Perspectives. Students investigate chapter topics through ABC News video segments focusing on controversial educational issues. Each Video Perspective section offers a short summary of the episode and asks students to think about and respond to questions relating to the video and chapter content. Video Perspectives are found in Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 13.

Video Discussion Questions. Students view video clips of educational leaders (such as Theodore Sizer and John Goodlad), answer discussion questions online, and receive immediate feedback through the text's Companion Website (Chapters 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, and 10).

Pedagogical features provide additional instructional support for students in their understanding of chapter content.

Chapter Introductions and Focus Questions introduce chapter content and identify major issues and questions.

Integrated Case Studies. Each chapter begins with an introductory case study. Additional cases throughout the text provide concrete examples of the topics discussed in the chapter. Within the chapter text, references to case studies are highlighted by a case icon.

Increasing Understanding Questions. Located in the margins of each chapter, these questions encourage students to think more deeply about chapter content and apply their understanding of the chapter topics to real-world situations. Students can answer these questions and receive immediate feedback on the Companion Website.

Chapter Summaries. Each chapter concludes with this concise recap of the major ideas discussed within the chapter.

Important Concepts. Also located at the end of each chapter, this section lists key concepts that are set in boldface type within the chapter.

Discussion Questions. Thought-provoking chapter-end questions provide opportunities for students to integrate and personalize the content in the chapters as they interact with their peers in discussion formats.

ORGANIZATION OF THE TEXT

Part 1, The Profession, includes Chapters 1 and 2. Chapter 1 invites readers to consider their beliefs and reasons for wanting to become a teacher. In addition to describing the themes for the book, the chapter analyzes reasons for entering teaching and factors that influence those reasons. Chapter 2 examines the characteristics of the present teaching force and analyzes teaching using professionalism as a framework. The chapter also considers the complexities of teaching, the multiple roles of teachers, and the characteristics of the present teaching force.

Part 2, Students, includes Chapters 3 and 4. In Chapter 3 learner diversity is described as both a challenge and an opportunity facing tomorrow's teachers. Differences in ability and background knowledge require curricular and instructional adaptations. Cultural diversity, including language differences, requires educational adaptations. In addition, efforts to help both boys and girls as well as students with exceptionalities reach their full potential pose additional challenges. In Chapter 4 the changing American family, shifts in demographic and socioeconomic patterns, and other changes in society are analyzed, and their implications for teaching are discussed. Challenges facing modern youth, including alcohol and drug use, violence, suicide, child abuse, and increased sexuality are discussed. Educational efforts to assist American youth in facing these changes and challenges are described in terms of community, school, and instructional efforts.

Part 3, Foundations, includes Chapters 5 through 9. Chapter 5 discusses the history of education in the United States and focuses on changing conceptions of teachers and teaching. Using the changes in aims of education as a frame of reference, the chapter analyzes the evolving role of education in the United States. Chapter 6 describes the influence of different philosophical movements on schools and schooling. Traditional philosophies, such as idealism, realism, pragmatism, and existentialism, together with their educational counterparts, perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and postmodernism, are discussed, and their implications for teaching are examined. The final section of the chapter helps developing teachers formulate their own evolving philosophy of teaching.

In Chapter 7 school aims, which were introduced in Chapter 6, are used to analyze different school organizational patterns. Developmental needs of learners and school responses are considered for the preschool, primary, middle, and high school levels. Research on effective schools is discussed and its implications for teaching are presented. Chapter 8 describes the uniquely American configuration of school governance and finance. Constitutional law is used as a framework to analyze the interconnected forces influencing both the governance and finance of American education. Recent innovations such as charter schools, vouchers, and school choice are used to analyze governance and finance issues. Chapter 9 begins by examining how ethics and law influence professional decision making. The U.S. legal system is described as an overlapping and interconnected web of federal, state, and local influences. The concepts of rights and responsibilities are used to frame legal issues for both teachers and students.

Part 4, Teaching, includes Chapters 10 through 12. In Chapter 10 the formal and informal curricula are described, and reform movements in education are placed within a historical context and used to analyze current curricular trends. Curriculum controversies are described using ideological struggles over the control of American education as a framework. Specific examples such as textbooks, banned books, and underrepresented minorities are used to illustrate these ideological conflicts. Chapter 11 begins by examining the effective teaching literature and continues with a historical look at two views of learning: behaviorism and cognitive psychology. Implications of the cognitive revolution in teaching are described in terms of learner-centered instruction, learner self-regulation, social influences on learning, and changing views of assessment. Chapter 12 begins with a brief history and overview of technology and teaching. Different ways that technology can influence learning are described and linked to different teaching functions. The chapter concludes with an examination of issues for the future and a look at how technology will change teaching.

Part 5, Careers, is the final part of the text and includes Chapter 13, which examines lifelong teacher development from multiple perspectives. The chapter begins by discussing the types of knowledge teachers must acquire in learning to teach. It continues by examining the characteristics of beginning teachers, including their beliefs, concerns, and experiences. The chapter closes with specific information about finding and obtaining a teaching position.

ANCILLARY MATERIALS FOR THE INSTRUCTOR

The text has the following ancillary materials to assist instructors in their attempts to maximize learning for all students.

Instructor's Manual/Media Guide. Concrete suggestions to involve students actively in learning and to promote interactive teaching. This manual contains many aids for instructors as they teach chapter topics and integrate the accompanying media to the fullest extent.

PowerPoint and Acetate Transparencies. Instructors can use transparencies to present and elaborate on topics covered in the text. These transparencies are available both on the Companion Website and as acetates.

Test Bank. Instructors are given access to multiple choice, critical thinking, and extended response questions for each chapter. These questions are available on CD-ROM in Mac and PC formats.

Looking Through Classroom Windows. Case videos, connected to Chapters 1, 6, 10, 11, and 12, provide realistic looks at teachers in classrooms.

ABC News Video Library: Critical Issues in Education, Vol. 1. News segments from ABC television programs such as Nightline, 20/20, and Good Morning America are tied to chapter topics and can serve as the focal point for classroom discussions. These appear as Video Perspectives features in Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 13.

Discussion Videos. These 15- to 20-minute interviews with John Goodlad, Theodore Sizer, and Uri Treisman can be used to supplement shorter video clips found on the Companion Website or as stand-alone discussion starters.

WEB-BASED ANCILLARIES FOR STUDENTS AND INSTRUCTORS Companion Website

The Companion Website to accompany this text can be found at http://www.prenhall.com/kauchak. Technology is a growing and changing aspect of education that is creating a need for resources. To address this emerging need, Prentice Hall has developed an online learning environment for both students and instructors to support this textbook. In creating the Companion Website, our goal is to embellish what the textbook already offers. For this reason, the content is organized by chapter and provides the instructor and student with a variety of meaningful resources.

For the Instructor. Syllabus Manager™ is an online syllabus creation and management instrument with the following capabilities:

  • Syllabus Manager™ provides you, the instructor, with a step-by-step process to create and revise syllabi without having to learn HTML. Direct links are provided to the Companion Website and other online content.
  • Your completed syllabus is hosted on our servers, allowing convenient updates from any computer on the Internet. Changes you make to your syllabus are immediately available to your students the next time they log on.
  • Students may log on to your syllabus at any time. All they need to know is the Web address for the Companion Website and the password you've assigned to your syllabus.
  • Clicking on a date, the student is shown the list of activities for that day's assignment. The activities for each assignment are linked directly to text content, which will save students time.
  • To add assignments, you simply click on the desired due date and then fill in the details of the assignment.
  • Links to other activities can be created easily. If the activity is online, a URL can be entered in the space provided, and it will be linked automatically in the final syllabus.

For the Student. The Companion Website provides students with resources and immediate feedback on exercises and other activities linked to the text. In addition, these activities, projects, and resources enhance and extend chapter content to real-world issues and concepts. Each chapter on the Companion Website contains the following modules (or sections) unless specified otherwise:

  • Chapter Overview—outlines key concepts and issues in the chapter.
  • Self-Assessment—multiple-choice quizzes with automatic grading provides immediate feedback for students.
  • Web Links—links to Internet sites that relate to and enhance chapter content.
  • Increasing Understanding—students can answer these margin questions online and receive immediate feedback.
  • Take a Position—students can visit the Education Week Website, search for information on a chapter-related issue, and then form their own opinions.
  • Reflect on This—reflection questions that extend chapter feature content.
  • Exploring Diversity—links to multicultural/diverse content and Websites.
  • Portfolio—activities and projects that give students the opportunity to begin building their professional portfolios.
  • Field Experience—projects and activities that create a virtual field experience for students who do not have a formal field experience component as part of the course.
  • Video Perspectives—thought-provoking questions that correspond to the issue-based ABC News video segments offered with the text (Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 13 only).
  • Classroom Windows—video transcripts of the Looking Through Classroom Windows videos with critical-thinking questions that connect the video and the chapter (Chapters 1, 6, 10, 11, and 12 only).
  • Video Discussion—streaming video with discussion questions (selected chapters).
  • Message Board—serves as a virtual bulletin board to post—or respond to—questions or comments to/from a national audience.
  • Chat—allows anyone who is using the text anywhere in the country to communicate in a real-time environment—ideal for discussion and study groups, class projects, and so on.
  • Other Resources—users have access to PowerPoint transparencies, the INTASC Standards as they are connected to chapter content and activities, and links to professional organizations.
Online Courses

Online courses for this course are available in two different formats: Blackboard (locally hosted by your school), and CourseCompass (nationally hosted by Prentice Hall).

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
cheap binding
By Danica Gray
After only about a month of using this book, the binding began to come apart. So now the first few chapters' pages are loose from the binding. This was purchased brand new, and it appeared that way to begin with. But now it looks junky and cheap, and keeping the pages from falling out of the book is getting ridiculous.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
introduction to teaching
By tennisguy
The book is in very good shape and explains everything really well. The only problem is that i didn't receive the "my education lab" with the book.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Overall good book
By TheFairyQueen
It gives a holistic view on education and teaching to really make you aware of how dedicated teachers need to be in order to be effective.

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Sunday, 12 October 2014

[O973.Ebook] Ebook Mackenzie Blue #4: Mixed Messages, by Tina Wells

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Mackenzie Blue #4: Mixed Messages, by Tina Wells

As a fashionista and future rock star, California girl Mackenzie “Zee” Blue’s life is busy. Zee keeps in touch with all her friends with texts, IMs, and emails—and now, Bluetopia, the coolest social networking site ever!

In Mixed Messages, fourth in the illustrated middle-grade Mackenzie Blue series, Zee and her friends from Brookdale Academy launch Bluetopia, a fab social media site—which is perfect, because Zee’s band, The Beans, is about to have its biggest show ever. Everyone� is talking about it on Bluetopia.

At least it would be perfect if a glitch in the Bluetopia system didn’t threaten to ruin the show—and Zee’s life!

Tween fans of the Dork Diaries and Diary of a Wimpy Kid series will love the Mackenzie Blue books.

  • Sales Rank: #660489 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2010-11-23
  • Released on: 2010-11-23
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Review
Praise for Mackenzie Blue:“A lighthearted series, sure to please girls all too aware of the impending approach of middle school.”

From the Back Cover

Mackenzie Blue and her crew are plugged in!

Zee and her band, The Beans, are getting ready for their biggest show yet! Everyone's talking about it online at Bluetopia—the coolest social-networking site ever.

Top three reasons that Bluetopia is the best:

  • I can keep all my thoughts safe in a private blog, and I won't have to worry about anyone stealing my diary (finally)!
  • The Beans have a huge show coming up, and we can make sure everyone knows about it!
  • Jasper (my best guy friend) is in the spotlight for creating the site. He's so talented—he deserves it.
  • About the Author

    Tina Wells founded Buzz Marketing Group when she was only sixteen years old. Today, Tina continues to run her company and lives outside of Philadelphia. Tina says, "Mackenzie's crew reminds me now of my own group of friends! And like Mackenzie, I had big dreams and worked hard to make them come true."

    Most helpful customer reviews

    0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
    Panda person22
    By Joseph A. Brennan
    I LUV reading and all 5 of these books r amazing! If u LUV dork diaries than these are the books for u! Little bit sad with a pinch of drama and a lot of friendship related things!

    0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
    LOVE IT ITS AWESOME!!!
    By kathryne02
    Never read anything better at all this month and last month! I love this one better than the firstone totally! I just wish BLUETOPIA were real :' (

    0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
    Review for Mackenzie Blue Mixed Messages #4 by Tina Wells
    By Madison Taylor Brown
    I think this is one of the best books I've ever read in my whole entire life! And I can't wait to read her other books of Mackenzie Blue!

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    Saturday, 11 October 2014

    [E322.Ebook] Free Ebook What Is Philosophy?, by José Ortega y Gasset

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    What Is Philosophy?, by José Ortega y Gasset

    A work powerful and pervading in its implications not only for metaphysics but also for art, political science, and the philosophy of history.

    • Sales Rank: #1243070 in Books
    • Published on: 1964-06-17
    • Released on: 1964-06-17
    • Original language: English
    • Number of items: 1
    • Dimensions: 7.80" h x .70" w x 5.10" l, .42 pounds
    • Binding: Paperback
    • 256 pages

    About the Author
    JosE Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955) was a philosopher and for many years held the chair of metaphysics at the University of Madrid. His other books include The Revolt of the Masses, Man and People, Meditations on Quixote, and What is Philosophy?

    Most helpful customer reviews

    40 of 41 people found the following review helpful.
    Clear and straightforward
    By Guillermo Maynez
    In this book of essays, the great conservative philosopher from Spain exposes his theory of "vitalism". His main line of argument is that what really exists, what we truly are able to know it's there, is life. Not the I, not thought, nor matter, but life. Hence, the central problem of philosophy is the nature and essence of life: what it is, where it comes from, where it leads, how to cope with it. The whole idea is that philosophy should not be an eternal and circular reflection on abstract thoughts, but a well-ordered system of thought that enables us humans to live better, to understand better life and all that it is filled with. Caution: Ortega never argues in favor of a vulgar popularization or a cheapening of philosophy. He only tries to give the message that philosophy is for the living, for the common people (as individuals connected to community, but never as masses, cfr. "The revolt of the masses").
    Philosophy, then, must be connected to real experience. The philosopher must come out of the Ivory Tower, and experience life in the streets. Otherwise, philosophy will remain an abstruse and esoteric matter, only for those initiated, and that philosophy is not much useful. As with other thinkers, Ortega is overlooked for not being included in the Anglo-Saxon canon, but I think his work is one of the most alive and meaningful of all philosophy. It does have a message for people living at the beginning of the 21 century, and it would be worthwhile to read or re-read his, by the way, extremely clear and sraightforward voice. Ortega is not a Nietzsche musing upon disordered dreams of supermen (although he elaborates on this very philosopher). His is a well-thought, systematic and clear view of the world, and that makes it a very readable work.

    18 of 19 people found the following review helpful.
    under rated
    By A Customer
    "What is Philosophy" presents a timeless question for philosophers intensely without intimidating the uninitiated. Ortega Y Gasset writes beautifully and clearly, touching on both Heideggar and Nietszche as well as a host of prominent European thinkers en route to a clearer understanding of the nature of philosphy and philosophizing. Newer students of philosophy should find this a wonderful supplement to the standard repetoire of a philosophy department Ortega Y Gasset is typically absent from

    1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
    THE SPANISH PHILOSOPHER SAYS THAT PHILOSOPHY IS “KNOWLEDGE OF THE UNIVERSE”
    By Steven H Propp
    Jos� Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955) was a Spanish philosopher, who also wrote books like An Interpretation of Universal History, History as a System and Other Essays Toward a Philosophy of History, etc.

    This book is based on lectures given by Ortega in 1928 in Buenos Aires in 1928, and in Madrid in 1929; they were published in this form posthumously.

    He said in the first chapter, “The fact that a truth… has value for everybody, and the fact that only one or two people---or only in a single period---will come to know it and to lend it their support---these are two completely different things; for the very reason that they are different one must put them together, bring them into harmony, overcome the scandalous situation of thought in which the absolute value of the truth seemed incompatible with the change in opinions which human history shows in such abundance.” (Pg. 25-26)

    He says, “History’s profound assumption, then, is the complete opposite of a complete relativism. When history goes to study primitive man it assumes that his culture had meaning and truth, and that if it had these attributes it continues to have them… History is the second look which manages to find the reason for what appears to be unreason.” (Pg. 27)

    He argues, “Thus one of the obligations of philosophy is to take a theoretic position, to confront every problem---not meaning thereby to solve it, but to demonstrate positively that it cannot be solved. This is the characteristic of philosophy as compared with the sciences. When these latter meet a problem which for them is insoluble they simply cease to deal with it. Philosophy, on the other hand, admits from the start that the world may be a problem which in itself is insoluble. And to demonstrate this fully would be the task of a philosophy which would completely fulfill its position as such.” (Pg. 63-64) Later, he adds, “Philosophy is knowledge of the Universe, or of everything there is, but when we set forth on its quest we know neither what there is, nor if what there is forms a Universe of a Multi-verse, nor whether Universe of Multi-verse will be knowable.” (Pg. 90-91)

    He points out, “But some will ask, ‘How can we prove that someone else does in fact see what we ourselves cannot see? The world is full of charlatans, of the vain, the deceitful, the mad.’ In this case the criterion does not seem to be hard to find; I will believe that someone sees more than I when that superior vision, invisible to me, gives him superiorities which are apparent to me. I judge by its effects. Note, then, that it is not the ineffable character of mystical knowing or the impossibility of transferring it that makes mysticism of small esteem---we shall see that there are other forms of knowing which by their very structure are not communicable, and yet they continually cheer the prisoners of silence. My objection to mysticism is that out of the mystic vision no intellectual benefit redounds to mankind.” (Pg. 110)

    He summarizes, “We have defined what we are attempting in the name of philosophy as one defines a project and a proposition. We have said that it is knowledge of the Universe, and that… all philosophic thought must obey two laws, or obligations; first, it must be autonomous, admitting no truth which it does not itself construct, and second, it must obey the law of… not contenting itself with any position which does not express universal values; in short, which does not aspire to the Universe.” (Pg. 121)

    He argues, “Descartes… did not agree with me in putting in doubt the truth of the ancient categories and in particular, the classic notion of being… If it is indubitable that the appearance of a thought exists, one must admit under that appearance a latent reality, something which appears in that appearance, which sustains it and which it truly is. That latent reality I call the ‘I,’ the self, my real self I do not see, it is not evident to me---therefore I must reach it through a conclusion; in order to affirm the existence of the self I must pass across the bridge of a ‘hence.’” (Pg. 189)

    He continues, “The external world does not exist except in my thinking of it, but the external world is not my thought… I am confronting the theatre, I am linked with the world… The theatre and I confront one another with no intermediary between us; the theatre exists because I see it, and it is just what I see of it, as I see it; it exhausts its being in its appearance. But it is not within me, nor is it confused with me; our relations are clear and unequivocal. I am the one who now sees it, it is what I now see, without it and other things like it, my seeing would not exist, that is to say, I would not exist. Without objects there is no subject.” (Pg. 197-198)

    This book will be of keen interest to anyone studying Gasset’s thought.

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